Pengaruh Ketiadaan Ayah Terhadap Tingkah Laku Agresif dalam kalangan Remaja
Abstract
Keluarga merupakan asas pembentukan tingkah laku dan emosi remaja. Dalam struktur ini, kehadiran ayah berfungsi sebagai pembimbing emosi dan tingkah laku. Walau bagaimanapun, ketiadaan ayah semakin menjadi fenomena biasa disebabkan oleh pelbagai faktor seperti perceraian dan migrasi. Kajian menunjukkan ketiadaan peranan ayah secara signifikan memberi kesan negatif terhadap kesejahteraan emosi dan sosial, serta meningkatkan risiko tingkah laku agresif dalam kalangan remaja. Selain itu, kesan ketiadaan ayah tidak bersifat langsung, sebaliknya dipengaruhi oleh faktor psikologi perantara seperti harga diri dan ketahanan terhadap tekanan.Sehubungan itu, kajian literatur sistematik (SLR) ini dilaksanakan bagi menghimpun dan menganalisis dapatan kajian lepas berkaitan hubungan antara ketiadaan ayah dan tingkah laku agresif dalam kalangan remaja. Kajian ini turut bertujuan mengenal pasti faktor-faktor perantara yang mempengaruhi hubungan tersebut serta menilai kualiti artikel yang dipilih. Hasil analisis mendapati bahawa ketiadaan ayah mempunyai hubungan signifikan dengan peningkatan tingkah laku agresif remaja. Hubungan ini tidak langsung, sebaliknya dimediasi oleh pelbagai faktor perantara, termasuk tekanan psikologi dalaman, tahap harga diri, daya ketahanan (resilience), konflik keluarga, dan gaya keibubapaan ibu. Reka bentuk kajian yang dianalisis adalah pelbagai, terdiri daripada kajian kualitatif (10), kuantitatif (9), longitudinal (9), gabungan (6), dan ulasan sistematik (2), yang dijalankan di pelbagai negara, dengan fokus utama di Amerika Syarikat (12 artikel) dan China (6 artikel). Kesimpulannya, kajian ini mengukuhkan pemahaman bahawa ketiadaan ayah merupakan faktor risiko utama kepada tingkah laku agresif remaja. Implikasi kajian menuntut intervensi bersepadu yang menyasarkan pembangunan harga diri dan daya tahan emosi remaja, serta sokongan sosial dan polisi keluarga yang holistik.
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