Pengurusan Krisis Rumah Tangga dalam Mencapai Kesejahteraan
Abstract
Saban tahun, isu-isu membabitkan masalah institusi kekeluargaan di Malaysia semakin meningkat. Institusi rumah tangga dilihat semakin goyah dan hampir musnah. Ini kerana konflik rumah tangga yang gagal diselesaikan oleh ahlinya. Bahkan, kes perceraian, keganasan rumah tangga dan penderaan kanak-kanak dilihat merekodkan kenaikan luar biasa pada tahun 2020. Kesejahteraan keluarga merupakan elemen paling penting dalam kehidupan manusia. Dalam mencapai kesejahteraan keluarga yang holistik, individu perlu bijak dan cekap dalam aspek pengurusan krisis rumah tangga. Terdapat pelbagai aspek yang perlu dikaji dalam aspek pengurusan krisis rumah tangga bagi mencapai kesejahteraan holistik. Objektif kajian ini adalah mengenal pasti mekanisme daya tindak terpilih dalam aspek pengurusan krisis rumah tangga bagi mencapai kesejahteraan. Metod kajian ini adalah berdasarkan kajian kualitatif melalui reka bentuk kajian skop (scoping review). Sebanyak 50 artikel telah dijumpai dan dipilih dari EBSCO-Host, pangkalan data universiti bermula dari tahun 2010 hingga Disember 2022. Melalui Teori Transaksional Tekanan dan Daya Tindak yang dikemukakan oleh Lazarus dan Folkman (1984), pemahaman terhadap strategi daya tindak dalam mengatasi krisis rumah tangga dapat dihuraikan secara terperinci. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa terdapat 5 strategi daya tindak yang membantu krisis rumah tangga iaitu komunikasi berkesan (effective communication), regulasi emosi (emotional regulation), konsep keagamaan (religious concept), sistem sokongan bernilai (good support system) dan kepercayaan pasangan (interpersonal trust). Justeru, amatlah penting bagi setiap pasangan untuk menguasai kesemua strategi daya tindak ini agar krisis rumah tangga dapat ditangani dan seterusnya memacu kesejahteraan holistik dalam membina rumah tangga yang Sakinah (ketenangan), Mawaddah (kasih sayang) dan Rahmah (belas ihsan).
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