An Overview of Reinforcing Comprehension of Refugee-related Organizations in Indonesia
A Review Article
Abstract
As part of the essential fabric of Indonesian society, nongovernmental and community-based organizations, particularly those dealing with refugee-related issues, play a crucial role in assisting forcibly displaced people impacted by catastrophes. These organizations have distinct roles and characteristics, some focusing on capacity building while others on advocacy. However, the lack of comprehensive research on these organizations hinders our acknowledgment of their challenges and potential. This article underscores the urgent need for exhaustive research in this area and aims to fill this gap by reviewing several works of literature on refugee studies. It provides a platform for academic researchers, policymakers, and humanitarian organizations to deepen their understanding and contribute to the discourse of refugee-related organizations in Indonesia. The data was meticulously collected from journal articles and other scholarly sources relevant to the article and was reevaluated to demonstrate refugee studies within the Indonesian context and refugee organization studies in other countries’ contexts. The study suggests that refugee-related organizations in Indonesia navigate the ambivalent government regulation of refugees and their predicaments as humanitarian organizations, leading to several operational impediments. The article, with its potential to significantly improve an apprehension of the operations and sustainability of nongovernmental organizations, particularly those dealing with refugee issues, underscores the importance of this research.
Downloads
References
Abiddin, N. Z., Ibrahim, I., & Aziz, S. A. A. (2022). Non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and their part towards sustainable community development. Sustainability, 14(8), 4386. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14084386
Ali, M., & Briskman, L. (2016). Asylum seekers and refugees in Indonesia: Problems and potentials. Cosmopolitan Civil Societies Journal, 8(2), 22-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ccs.v8i2.4883
Alio, M., Alrihawi, S., Milner, J., Noor, A., Wazefadost, N., & Zigashane, P. (2020). By refugees, for refugees: Refugee leadership during COVID-19, and beyond. International Journal of Refugee Law, 32(2), 370-373. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijrl/eeaa021
Bayani, M. B., Wall, P., Wazefadost, N. W., & Harley, T. (2023). In endless transit: Contributions and challenges for fefugee-led initiatives in Indonesia. Act For Peace. https://actforpeace.org.au/learn/publications/
Brown, T. M. (2018). Building resilience: The emergence of refugee-led education initiatives in Indonesia to address service gaps faced in protracted transit ASEAS - Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies, 11(2), 165-181. https://doi.org/10.14764/10.ASEAS-0001
Bush, R. (2022). Faith-based organizations and forced displacement in Indonesia and the region - hopeful disruptions of the status quo. In G. İnanç & T. Lewis (Eds.), Forced Displacement and NGOs in Asia and The Pacific (pp. 120-134). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003145233-9
Easton-Calabria, E., & Wood, J. (2020). Bridging, bonding, and linking? Syrian refugee-led organisations and integration in Berlin. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 47(19), 4308-4326. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2020.1788928
El-Abed, O., Najdi, W., & Hoshmand, M. (2023). Patterns of refugees’ organization amid protracted displacement: an understanding from Jordan, Lebanon, and Turkey. Journal on Migration and Human Security, 11(1), 109-124. https://doi.org/10.1177/23315024231160451
Essex-Lettieri, D. (2022). Understanding RLO impact: A metasynthesis of five external impact evaluations covering programs run by refugee-ded organizations (RLOs). Resourcing Refugee Leadership Initiative. http://refugeeslead.org/evidence
Fehsenfeld, M., & Levinsen, K. (2019). Taking care of the refugees: Exploring advocacy and cross-sector collaboration in service provision for refugees. VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 30(2), 422-435. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11266-019-00097-5
Hamidi, M. (2020). Uplifting refugee’s capacity through refugees-based NGO in Malaysia. In B. Sumintono & P. Hatherley-Greene (Eds.), Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Arts and Humanities (IJCAH 2020) pp. 1061-1068. Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201201.177
Judson, E., Hailu, M. F., & Chhetri, N. (2024). Transformational leadership qualities of effective grassroots refugee-led organizations. social sciences, 13(103), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci13020103
Kunapalan, H., Ismail, N. B., & Yatiban, A. B. (2020). The roles of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in assisting refugees: from Malaysia context Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 5(5), 89-94. https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v5i5.401
Lewis, D. (2010). Nongovernmental organization, definition and history. In H.K. Anheier & S. Toepler. (Eds.), International Encyclopedia of Civil Society (pp. 1056-1062). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4_3
Lewis, D. (2014). Non-Governmental Organizations, Management and Development (Third ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203591185
Missbach, A., & Sinanu, F. (2011). “The scum of the earth”? foreign people smugglers and their local counterparts in Indonesia. Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs, 30(4), 57-87.
Motalebi, N. (2023). Asset Based Design Model of Information Practices among Refugee-led Organizations. The Pennsylvania State University. Pennsylvania.
Ongenaert, D. (2019). Refugee organization's public organization: conceptualizing and exploring new avenues for an underdeveloped research subject. Media and Communication, 7(2), 195-206. https://doi.org/ 10.17645/mac.v7i2.1953
Pincock, K., Betts, A., & Easton-Calabria, E. (2020). The rethoric and reality of localisation: Refugee-led organisations in humanitarian governance. The Journal of Development Studies, 57(5), 719-734. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220388.2020.1802010
Prabandari, A., & Adiputera, Y. (2019). Alternative paths to refugee and asylum seeker protection in Malaysia and Indonesia. Asian and Pacific Migration Journal, 28(2), 132–154. https://doi.org/10.1177/0117196819850946
Prabaningtyas, R. A. R. F., Pudjiastuti, T. N., Alami, A. N., Farhana, F., & Arfan. (2023). Access to education for refugee children in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Advances in Southeast Asian Studies, 16(1), 39-61. https://doi.org/10.14764/10.ASEAS-0089
Rashid, N. Z., & Saidin, M. I. S. (2023). '#SayNoToRohingya': A critical study on Malaysians' amplified resentment towards Rohingya refugees on Twitter during the 2020 Covid-19 crisis. The Round Table, 112(4), 386-406. https://doi.org/10.1080/00358533.2023.2244287
Sadjad, M. S. o. (2022). Solidarity and ‘social jealousy’: Emotions and affect in Indonesian host society’s situated encounters with refugees. Third World Quarterly, 43(3), 543-560. https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2021.1969228
Sahin Mencutek, Z. (2021). Refugee community organisations: Capabilities, interactions and limitations. Third World Quarterly, 42(1), 181-199. https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2020.1791070
Sari, D. S., Hidayat, T., & Pratisti, A. (2018). Indonesia government policy on Rohingya refugees. Andalas Journal of International Studies, VII, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.25077/ajis.7.1.1-13.2018
Sehu Mohamad, Z., T.Y.T., C., S.A., A. L., U.S., F., & D., E. (2021). Refugees life in Malaysia: A review paper. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 6(9), 437-446. https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v6i9.1013
Shumate, M., & O'Connor, A. (2010). The symbiotic sustainability model: Conceptualizing NGO-corporate alliance communication. Journal of Communication, 60(3), 577-609. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2010.01498.x
Sisterhood. (2023). Impact report. https://powerofsisterhood.net/publications#1c0ee718-b82c-4aa3-acf2-e259b6e56ef3
Suryono, M. (2023). UNHCR Indonesia country fact sheet - December 2023. https://www.unhcr.org/id/en/publications-and-fact-sheets
Taha, I. A., Rofii, M. S., & Riyanta, S. (2024). Rohingya refugees: A study of Indonesian government policies. Asian Journal of Engineering, Social and Health, 3(4), 813-821. https://doi.org/10.46799/ajesh.v3i4.298
Tan, E., & Hyde, D. (2023). Definition: Refugee-led Organizations (RLO). UNHCR.
Tonks, L. (2024, June 25). Refugee-led organisations: A pathway to localised crisis-response and sustained development. Medium. https://medium.com/@CSRN
Tulibaleka, P. O. (2022). Refugee education: Refugees perceptions of educational challenges in Uganda. International Journal of Educational Administration and Policy Studies, 14(1), 38-45. https://doi.org/10.5897/IJEAPS2022.0729
Tulibaleka, P. O., Tumwesigye, K., & Nakalema, K. (2022). Protracted refugees: Understanding the challenges of refugees in protracted refugee situations in Uganda. Journal of African Studies and Development, 14(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.5897/JASD2021.0647
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023). Outcomes of the global refugee forum 2023. https://data.unhcr.org/en/documents/details/107727
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2024). Global trends: Forced displacement in 2023. https://www.unhcr.org/global-trends
Verghis, S. V., Pereira, X., Kumar, A. G., Koh, A., & Singh-Lim, A. S. (2021). Covid-19 and refugees in Malaysia: An NGO response. Intervention, 19(1), 15-20. https://doi.org/10.4103/INTV.INTV_18_20
