Pengintegrasian Kecerdasan Buatan dalam Pengajaran Sains untuk Meningkatkan Kemahiran 4C Murid Sekolah Rendah
Abstract
Pengintegrasian Kecerdasan Buatan (AI) dalam pendidikan sekolah rendah semakin mendapat perhatian kerana potensinya untuk meningkatkan keberkesanan pengajaran dan pembelajaran, serta membangunkan kemahiran abad ke-21. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti pengintegrasian AI dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran Sains di sekolah rendah di Malaysia, dengan fokus kepada kesannya terhadap pembangunan kemahiran 4C, iaitu pemikiran kritikal, komunikasi, kolaborasi dan kreativiti dalam kalangan murid. Menggunakan reka bentuk kaedah campuran, kajian ini melibatkan pengumpulan data kuantitatif dan kualitatif untuk memberikan gambaran menyeluruh mengenai pelaksanaan AI dalam bilik darjah Sains. Data kuantitatif diperoleh melalui soal selidik yang melibatkan 150 murid sekolah rendah dari sekolah bandar dan luar bandar, manakala data kualitatif diperoleh melalui temu bual separa berstruktur dengan 10 guru Sains. Analisis statistik deskriptif digunakan untuk menilai penggunaan AI dan persepsi murid terhadap kemahiran 4C, manakala analisis tematik meneliti pengalaman guru, cabaran, kesiapsiagaan dan isu etika dalam penggunaan AI. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa penggunaan alat AI seperti platform pembelajaran adaptif dan makmal maya memberi kesan positif terhadap kemahiran 4C, dengan pemikiran kritikal dan kolaborasi mencatatkan skor tertinggi. Walau bagaimanapun, cabaran seperti jurang infrastruktur digital, keperluan latihan guru dan isu etika seperti privasi data turut dikenalpasti. Kesimpulannya, kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa pengintegrasian AI dalam pendidikan Sains berpotensi besar untuk menyokong perkembangan kemahiran 4C, dengan sokongan perancangan pedagogi yang berkesan dan infrastruktur yang mencukupi.
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