Mindfulness, Emotional Intelligence, Trust, and Leadership Self‑Efficacy in Enhancing Leadership Effectiveness: An Updated Conceptual Analysis

Maniarasu Muniandy; Rosli Mahmood; Devika Nadarajah

doi:10.47405/mjssh.v11i4.3882

Maniarasu Muniandy Putra Business School, UPM, 43400 Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia
Rosli Mahmood Putra Business School, UPM, 43400 Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia
Devika Nadarajah Putra Business School, UPM, 43400 Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v11i4.3882

Keywords: Leadership effectiveness, Mindfulness, Emotional intelligence, Trust, Leadership self‑efficacy, Electronic manufacturing

Abstract

Leadership effectiveness is a critical determinant of organisational success, particularly in the dynamic electronic manufacturing sector. This updated conceptual article revisits the roles of mindfulness, emotional intelligence (EI), trust and leadership self‑efficacy (LSE) in shaping effective leadership. In addition to synthesising the classical literature, we incorporate recent evidence from 2023–2025 that provides new insight into mindful leadership, the continuing relevance of EI, the importance of trust in periods of disruption and the evolving understanding of LSE. A new literature review highlights how mindfulness practices cultivate attention, awareness and authenticity (Doornich & Lynch, 2024), how emotionally intelligent leaders improve business results and team attitudes (Coronado‑Maldonado & Benítez‑Márquez, 2023), how high‑trust environments help organisations adapt to change (Center for Creative Leadership, 2024) and how coaching and leadership style influence LSE (Halliwell et al., 2023; Milojević et al., 2024). We retain the original conceptual framework, emphasising LSE as a mediator between psychological constructs and leadership effectiveness, and present pilot test results confirming the reliability of the constructs. This article offers theoretical and practical guidance for leadership development in electronic manufacturing firms.

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