Institusi Tuan Yang Terutama (TYT) Negeri Sabah: Aspek Konstruk Perlembagaan dan Nilai dalam kalangan Rakyat Negeri Sabah
Abstract
Isu utama artikel ini adalah berkaitan dengan institusi Tuan Yang Terutama (TYT) Yang di-Pertua Negeri Sabah yang merupakan unit politik tertinggi dalam hierarki pentadbiran Kerajaan Negeri. Jika semasa era Kolonial British (1881-1963), institusi TYT dikenali sebagai 'Gabenor' yang memegang kuasa Eksekutif berbanding fungsi TYT yang lebih bersifat istiadat tetapi mempunyai kuasa-kuasa tertentu sebagaimana yang diperuntukkan dalam Perlembagaan Negeri Sabah selepas pembentukan Malaysia pada tahun 1963. Namun, sejak berlakunya beberapa pergolakan politik Sabah khususnya era 1985 dan 2020, peranan TYT melangkaui aspek istiadat semata-mata dan adalah amat diperlukan bagi memastikan kestabilan politik dan pemerkasaan hak kepentingan etnik Bumiputera di Sabah. Dengan demikian, objektif kajian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengenal pasti tahap kefahaman rakyat Sabah tentang kepentingan institusi TYT dalam sistem pentadbiran negeri. Ini disebabkan kajian-kajian lepas yang lebih memfokus kepada kajian bersifat biografi dan pendekatan sejarah. Oleh yang demikian, kajian ini akan memberikan tumpuan kepada isu dan persoalan berikut iaitu tentang latar belakang pewujudan institusi TYT, kuasa dan fungsi TYT dan peranan kepimpinan TYT dalam hierarki pentadbiran kerajaan negeri Sabah. Metod kajian ini adalah berdasarkan kepada analisis survei borang soal selidik, tinjauan umum dan kaedah temubual. Hasil kajian telah memberikan gambaran menyeluruh tentang tahap kefahaman rakyat Sabah berkenaan dengan institusi TYT dan usaha-usaha ke arah mendaulatkan institusi TYT perlu dilaksanakan melalui pendidikan berterusan kepada seluruh rakyat Sabah dari masa ke semasa agar keharmonian dan kestabilan politik dapat dikekalkan.
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References
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