Dimensions of Transformational Leadership and Disciplinary Rules Compliance in Public Law Enforcement: A Scoping Review
Abstract
Transformational Leadership (TL) is widely recognized as an effective leadership style in law enforcement agencies for fostering a culture of integrity, professionalism, and commitment through the 4I's dimension: Idealized Influence (II), Inspirational Motivation (IM), Intellectual Stimulation (IS), and Individualized Consideration (IC). However, there is a gap in the most dominant dimension influencing disciplinary rules compliance among law enforcement officers. Thus, this scoping review aims to synthesize the existing literature to identify the most dominant of TL dimensions and to analyze the role of each dimension in influencing disciplinary rules compliance. We conducted a systematic search across Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, identifying 24 core empirical articles from 16,407 records focused on public law enforcement in compliance following PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The extraction data found four categories of dominant dimension: (A) dominant dimension based on strongest influences, (B) dominant dimension based on construct formation, (C) dominant dimension based on levels of practice, and (D) TL as an aggregate and exclusions. The results showed that no single dimension of TL universally dominates, but it’s contextual. II dominates in shaping ethics and morals. IM is the most dominant routine practice in driving discipline and voluntary commitment. While IS drives compliance and integrity through critical thinking and innovative problem-solving, IC is the most dominant in ensuring compliance with safety procedures and risk management. This review also identified three themes that can be potential mediating factors in the relationship between TL and disciplinary rules compliance, namely discipline, ethics, and role modeling.
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