Penyoalan Lisan Guru dalam Pembelajaran Sains Berasaskan Inkuiri
Abstract
Penyoalan lisan guru digunakan sebagai alat interaksi antara guru dan pelajar untuk guru mencungkil pengetahuan sedia pelajar dan aktiviti penyoalan ini merangsang perkembangan kognitif pelajar. Kajian penerokaan kualitatif ini bertujuan meneroka amalan penyoalan lisan guru sekolah rendah dalam proses pengajaran berasaskan inkuiri. Maka, kajian ini dijalankan untuk meneroka dari segi kaedah penyoalan dan jenis soalan yang digunakan oleh guru. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk kajian kes dan pemilihan peserta kajian adalah secara pensampelan bertujuan iaitu seramai tiga orang guru sains sekolah rendah. Data diperoleh melalui kaedah temu bual guru dan analisis dokumen. Data yang diperoleh menggunakan analisis perbandingan berterusan bagi mendapatkan tema dan sub-tema yang terkandung di dalam data yang merupakan data primer. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan terdapat dua penemuan yang menyumbang kepada amalan penyoalan lisan seseorang guru iaitu peranan dirinya sendiri bertindak sebagai scaffolder yang memberikan sokongan kepada pelajar. Guru bersoal jawab secara berkesan dengan pelajar termasuklah untuk mencuba sesuatu idea tanpa mendesak pelajar ke arah jawapan yang betul. Guru perlu mahir menyusun jenis soalan mengikut hierarki aras rendah, sederhana ke aras tinggi. Kedua, guru mengamalkan masa menunggu. Selain itu, amalan penyoalan lisan guru juga dipengaruhi oleh peranan pelajar yang memberikan maklum balas berdasarkan pengetahuan sedia ada dan tahap penglibatan pelajar sepanjang pembelajaran berasaskan inkuiri dijalankan. Kesimpulannya, kajian ini memberi input untuk membantu guru merancang bagaimana untuk mengintegrasikan penyoalan lisan dalam pembelajaran berasaskan inkuiri agar dapat meningkatkan perkembangan kognitif pelajar dan menggalakkan kemahiran berfikir aras tinggi (KBAT).
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References
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