Peranan Kepuasan Keperluan Psikologi Sebagai Perantara dalam Hubungan antara Rasa Kepunyaan dengan Kesejahteraan Psikologi Tenaga Pengajar Orang Kurang Upaya (OKU) di Malaysia
Abstract
Kesejahteraan psikologi tenaga pengajar Orang Kurang Upaya (OKU) merupakan aspek penting dalam menyokong keberkesanan dan kelangsungan pelaksanaan pendidikan khas. Namun demikian, hubungan antara rasa kepunyaan dengan kesejahteraan psikologi, khususnya melalui pemenuhan keperluan psikologi asas, masih kurang diteliti dalam konteks tenaga pengajar OKU di Malaysia. Berasaskan Teori Penentuan Kendiri dan Teori Kepunyaan, kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara rasa kepunyaan dengan kesejahteraan psikologi serta menguji peranan kepuasan keperluan psikologi asas yang merangkumi autonomi, kecekapan dan perkaitan sebagai pemboleh ubah perantara. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui reka bentuk tinjauan rentas-seksyen yang melibatkan 238 orang tenaga pengajar OKU yang berkhidmat dalam institusi pendidikan khas di Malaysia. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan soal selidik dan dianalisis melalui analisis regresi serta analisis perantaraan menggunakan PROCESS Macro dengan 5,000 sampel bootstrap dan selang keyakinan 95 peratus. Dapatan menunjukkan bahawa rasa kepunyaan mempunyai hubungan positif dan signifikan dengan autonomi, kecekapan, perkaitan dan kesejahteraan psikologi. Ketiga-tiga dimensi kepuasan keperluan psikologi asas turut menunjukkan hubungan positif dan signifikan dengan kesejahteraan psikologi. Analisis kesan tidak langsung menunjukkan bahawa autonomi, kecekapan dan perkaitan masing-masing memainkan peranan sebagai pemboleh ubah perantara separa dalam hubungan antara rasa kepunyaan dengan kesejahteraan psikologi. Dapatan ini menunjukkan bahawa kepuasan keperluan psikologi asas merupakan mekanisme penting yang menjelaskan sebahagian hubungan antara rasa kepunyaan dengan kesejahteraan psikologi tenaga pengajar OKU. Dari sudut implikasi, usaha memperkukuh kesejahteraan psikologi tenaga pengajar OKU perlu memberi penekanan kepada pewujudan persekitaran kerja yang inklusif, menyokong autonomi, memperkukuh kecekapan serta menggalakkan hubungan sosial yang positif.
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