Penglibatan Politik Belia Pasca-Undi18 dalam Pemuda UMNO di Parlimen Papar, Sabah
Abstract
Artikel ini mengkaji penglibatan politik belia dalam Pertubuhan Pemuda United Malay National Organisation (UMNO) di Parlimen Papar, Sabah selepas pelaksanaan Undi18. Gerakan Undi18 yang menuntut umur pengundi muda diturunkan dari 21 kepada 18 dalam sistem pilihanraya di Malaysia telah mendapat kejayaan besar pada tahun 2019 apabila Parlimen Malaysia sebulat suara meluluskan pindaan perlembagaan untuk mengurangkan had umur pengundi muda kepada 18 tahun. Ini secara langsung telah meletakan pengundi muda sebagai penentu utama dalam politik Sabah dan amnya dalam politik Malaysia. Oleh itu, dengan menggunakan pendekatan kaedah campuran, artikel ini secara khususnya ingin melihat kepada perkembangan politik belia dalam Pergerakan Pemuda UMNO di Parlimen Papar. Melalui soal selidik terhadap 150 ahli belia dan pemerhatian lapangan, kajian ini mendapati penglibatan belia dalam Pertubuhan Pemuda UMNO Papar didorong oleh tiga faktor utama iaitu kepimpinan krasmatik, pengaruh keluarga dan rakan sebaya , dan media sosial. Kepimpinan berkarisma dan mudah didekati merupakan pendorong terkuat dengan 74% responden bersetuju, disokong hubungan korelasi signifikan (r=0.65). Media sosial, terutama Facebook dan WhatsApp (87%), berfungsi sebagai alat mobilisasi utama maklumat politik. Rangkaian sosial seperti pengaruh keluarga (58%) dan rakan (46%) bertindak sebagai pemangkin penyertaan. Analisis kualitatif mengesahkan dapatan diatas ini melalui pemerhatian terhadap kepimpinan inklusif, penggunaan media sosial untuk mobilisasi, dan peranan jaringan sosial. Kajian menyimpulkan bahawa penglibatan belia luar bandar dikawasan Parlimen Papar bersifat multidimensi memerlukan strategi bersepadu merangkumi kepimpinan berkualiti, komunikasi digital efektif, dan pengoptimuman jaringan sosial untuk penglibatan bermakna dalam politik pasca-Undi18.
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