Exploratory Factor Analysis for Technostress Among Primary School Teachers
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore and develop instruments for measuring technostress among primary school teachers in Malaysia. The researchers adapted 28 items from previous study and modified the statement to suit current study. Then the items statement was translated into Malay language to suit the local setting. The instruments underwent expert verification for content validity, face validity and criterion validity. The study amended the item statement accordingly based experts’ comment. For pilot study, some 106 school-teachers were selected randomly for data collection. The data were explored and validated through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) procedure. The results of the EFA procedure revealed the 28 items fall into five underlying components. The components are renamed as technical oriented, profession oriented, social oriented, personal oriented and teaching-learning process oriented. The items under these five components explained 71.1% of the total variance. The internal reliability of the technostress construct was 0.95. In addition to adding to the current body of knowledge, the findings provide a reliable source of information for researchers and professional practitioners interested in future research in technostress for educators, particularly primary school teachers.
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