Pembinaan Rapport Berasaskan Tazkiyah al-Nafs oleh Guru Bimbingan dan Kaunseling di Malaysia
Abstract
Dominasi pendekatan kaunseling Barat yang berorientasikan nilai sekular dan individualistik sering kali tidak selari dengan kerangka kepercayaan serta realiti budaya klien Muslim di Malaysia, khususnya dalam fasa permulaan sesi. Kajian ini bertujuan meneroka amalan permulaan sesi kaunseling berasaskan pendekatan Islam dalam kalangan Guru Bimbingan dan Kaunseling (GBK), dengan memfokuskan kepada bagaimana elemen seperti niat, doa, zikir, bacaan surah al-Fātiḥah dan pendidikan adab diterapkan sebagai asas pembinaan hubungan terapeutik. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui reka bentuk kajian kes pelbagai, melibatkan 19 orang GBK berdaftar yang dipilih secara persampelan bertujuan. Data dikumpul melalui temu bual separa berstruktur dan dianalisis secara tematik menggunakan NVivo 12. Hasil analisis mengenal pasti tiga tema utama: (1) penetapan niat dan matlamat berpaksikan reda Ilahi, (2) pembukaan rohani menerusi amalan zikir dan doa, dan (3) pengajaran adab sebagai struktur interaksi awal. Ketiga-tiga tema mencerminkan integrasi elemen psikospiritual dan etika Islami yang menyusun semula makna rapport dalam konteks kaunseling Islam. Kajian ini membina satu kerangka konseptual berpaksikan teori tazkiyah al-nafs al-Ghazālī, dengan menekankan bahawa fasa permulaan merupakan medan penyucian niat, penyatuan hati, dan penciptaan ruang sakral antara kaunselor dan klien. Kajian ini menyumbang kebaharuan dengan memperincikan struktur amalan permulaan sesi secara sahih dan kontekstual dalam pendidikan menengah Malaysia, sekaligus mencadangkan penggubalan modul latihan profesional GBK berasaskan epistemologi Islam. Implikasinya melangkaui adaptasi teknik, ke arah pembinaan sistem bimbingan yang mengakar pada nilai tauhid dan keberkatan hubungan insan-Ilahi dalam proses penyembuhan psikospiritual.
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