Validating a Questionnaire on Green HRM, Organizational Citizenship, and Energy Transition Behaviours in Malaysia

Mohd Faiz Abu Bakkar; Amar Hisham Bin Jaaffar; Mohd Nur Ruzainy Alwi

doi:10.47405/mjssh.v10i10.3616

Mohd Faiz Abu Bakkar College of Graduate Studies, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5205-0605
Amar Hisham Bin Jaaffar Institute of Energy Policy and Research (IEPRe), Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
Mohd Nur Ruzainy Alwi UNITEN Business School, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v10i10.3616

Keywords: Green Human Resource Management, Organizational Citizenship Behaviour, Energy Transition, Energy Transition Behaviour, Questionnaire Validation

Abstract

This study aims to develop and validate a structured questionnaire to assess Green Human Resource Management and its influence on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) and Energy Transition Behaviours (ETB) among employees in the Malaysian electricity sector. This study is conducted in two phases. The first phase involves questionnaire construction through framework development, item generation, item screening, and pretesting. The second phase involved questionnaire validation with 95 employees from a Malaysian energy utility company, utilizing Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). Additionally, reliability is assessed using Cronbach’s Alpha and Composite Reliability (CR) to ensure internal consistency. In the development phase, 70 items were defined, consisting of demographic characteristics (10 items), General Knowledge of the Energy Transition (3 items), GHRM (24 Items), Energy Transition Behaviour (5 Items), Attitude (5 Items), Subjective Norm (4 Items), Perceived behavioural control (6 Items), and lastly OCB (13 Items). Expert evaluation and comments were already taken into consideration before performing a pilot study. All constructs demonstrated good reliability based on Cronbach’s alpha (>0.6) and composite reliability (0.7) for IVs and DVs, except for Green Compensation and Benefits (3 Items) under GHRM. The final 54 items identified through this rigorous process demonstrate a valid and reliable questionnaire for GHRM on OCB and ETB among employees in Malaysia’s energy utility sector. The developed questionnaire was designed to be a valuable tool for stakeholders, organizations, and policymakers involved in the Energy Transition.

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